First-of-its-kind dedicated digital nomad visa in the EU. One-year stay for remote workers earning at least €4,500/month from non-Estonian employers or clients.
Official name: Digital Nomad Visa (Type D)
Not legal or immigration advice
This page summarizes publicly available information from official immigration authorities. Visa rules change frequently and individual circumstances matter. Verify with the relevant consulate, embassy, or a licensed immigration attorney before applying.
$800–$2,500
15–30 days
12 months
Yes
Estonia launched the Digital Nomad Visa (DNV) in August 2020 as the world's first dedicated visa for location-independent remote workers. It allows non-EU/EEA citizens to live in Estonia for up to one year while working for a foreign employer or running a foreign-registered business. Applicants must prove monthly gross income of at least €4,500 over the prior 6 months. Two sub-types exist: Type C (short stay, ≤ 90 days) and Type D (long stay, ≤ 365 days). Estonia's e-Residency program is a separate, distinct product — DNV is a physical visa for people who want to actually live in Estonia, while e-Residency is a digital identity for running an EU company remotely from anywhere.
Government fee
$130
Lawyer / agent
$400–$1,200
All-in (incl. medical, translation, travel)
$800–$2,500
Minimum income/savings: ~$57,600/year. €4,500/month gross × 12 = €54,000 (~$57,600). Must be documented over the 6 months immediately preceding the application.
Initial visa
12 months
Path to residency
Not a residency pathway
Path to citizenship
No
If you stay more than 183 days in any 12-month period, you become an Estonian tax resident on worldwide income. Estonia uses a flat 22% income tax (rising from 20% in 2025). Estonia has tax treaties with 60+ countries that prevent double taxation. The DNV does not extend (max 365 days), so most holders stay under the 183-day threshold by design. See /tax/calculator/ee for resident-rate estimates.
Triggering threshold: more than 183 days physical presence.